AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is caused by the virus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). AIDS is characterized by destruction of T-helper cells or CD4 lymphocytes by the virus resulting in increasing suppression of the immune system giving way to various opportunistic infections which might be fatal. An HIV positive person can live up to 8-10 years before developing AIDS.
Modes of transfer:
- Through body fluids: semen, vaginal fluids, blood and breast milk
- Unsafe use of needles
- From infected mother to child (before or during parturition or by breast milk)
- Unsterilized equipment used in hospitals